Kurwanya ikirere bivuga kuramba kwa firime ifu iyo ihuye nikirere cyo hanze.
Kurinda ibinyabiziga hafi ya byose bikoreshwa hanze. Ibidukikije byo mu kirere birimo urumuri rw'izuba, ogisijeni na ozone, ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe n'ubukonje, amazi n'ubushuhe bugereranije, hamwe na mikorobe hamwe n'udukoko byose bizagira ingaruka ku mibereho ya serivisi yo gutwikira.
Kurinda ibinyabiziga muri rusange bigomba gukoreshwa hanze yimyaka irenga 10 nta ibara rigaragara, ibice, kandi bigakomeza ubusugire nubwiza bwa firime. Kubwibyo, ibisabwa byo guhangana nikirere byifu yifu ni ngombwa cyane.
Ikintu nyamukuru kigira ingaruka ku guhangana n’ikirere ni izuba. Ku zuba, ingufu zumucyo zifite uburebure bwa 250 kugeza 1400 nm zirasa hejuru yisi. Muri byo, uburebure bwa 780 kugeza 1400 nm ni infragre, bingana na 42% kugeza 60% by'imirasire y'izuba. Ikwirakwiza cyane ingufu zubushyuhe kubintu; uburebure bwa 380 kugeza 780 nm ni urumuri rugaragara. , bingana na 39% kugeza 53% byimirasire yizuba yose, byibasira cyane ibintu binyuze mumashanyarazi nubushyuhe bwa chimique; urumuri ultraviolet rufite uburebure bwa 250 ~ 400nm yibasira cyane ibintu binyuze mumiti.
Ibizamini byagaragaje ko ingaruka zangiza cyane kuri polymer ari imirasire ya ultraviolet ifite uburebure bwa 290 kugeza 400 nm, cyane cyane imirasire ya ultraviolet ifite uburebure bwa metero 300 nm, nicyo kintu nyamukuru kiganisha ku kwangirika kwimyanda ya polyolefine.
Ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka ku kurwanya ikirere. Kuri buri 10 ° C kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe, igipimo cya reaction ya Photochemiki kizikuba kabiri.
Usibye gutera hydrolysis reaction hamwe no guhindura amazi kwifata ya firime, amazi yimvura nayo agira isuri ningaruka zangiza. Amazi arashobora kwoza umwanda nibicuruzwa bishaje hejuru yumuzamu, ariko bigabanya ingaruka zo kubarinda kandi byihutisha gusaza.
Kunoza ikirere cyokwirinda ifu bisobanura kwiga ibintu bitera kwifata nabi no gushakisha ingamba zo gukemura ibibazo. Mu myaka yashize, ifu y’ifu y’igihugu cyanjye yakoze imirimo myinshi itanga umusaruro muguhitamo ibikoresho fatizo, gutegura inyongeramusaruro, kuvanga, gusohora no kumenagura, ibyo bikaba byaragize uruhare runini mu guhangana n’ikirere cy’ifu.
Icyakora, twakagombye kwerekana ko ubuziranenge bwumusaruro wifu mu gihugu cyanjye utaringaniye, kandi bitandukanye cyane. Ababikora bake bakurikirana gusa inyungu, bongeramo ibikoresho bitunganijwe neza, buzuza inyongeramusaruro zihenze, kubura uburyo bwo kugenzura, kandi bifite ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa. Ifu izahindura ibara igacika mugihe gito nyuma yo gutwikira. , hamwe nifu nziza yometse kumashanyarazi irashobora rwose kugera kuri 10a kugirango ikoreshwe hanze.
Ikizamini cyo kurwanya ikirere gikunze gukoresha ibizamini byihuta byogusaza hamwe nikizamini gisanzwe cy’ikirere. Ikizamini cyo gusaza gihimbano kigereranya imiterere yikirere hanyuma ukagereranya nicyitegererezo. Irashobora kubara gusa igihe cyo gusaza hanze. Ibisubizo byikizamini gisanzwe kiragaragara, ariko bifata igihe kirekire.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-12-2023